ABSTRACT
Objective@#To identify high risk behaviors and infection related factors among young adult males diagnosed with HIV/AIDS in Shandong Province, to provide evidence for targeted AIDS prevention and control strategies.@*Methods@#By using convient sampling method, an face to face in depth interview on HIV related behaviors was conducted among young adult males newly diagnosed with HIV/AIDS in Shandong Province in July 2021.@*Results@#A total of 31 young adult males diagnosed with HIV/AIDS were interviewed. All were male and infected through homosexuality behavior. Average age was (20.6±1.8) years. Totally 90.3% (28/31) were enrolled in tertiary education at the time of diagnosis. The findings revealed that 93.5% (29/31) of participants got infection due to unprotected homosexual behavior with the temporary partner whose HIV infection status was unknown, and 86.2% (25/29) got in touch with these temporary partner by social software. The awareness rate of knowledge about AIDS among all the participants was 100%, however, 83.9% (26/31) reported occasion condom usage while having homosexual behavior, and 16.1% (5/31) never did. Totally 74.2% (23/31) of the young adult males diagnosed with HIV/AIDS had a history of HIV testing before diagnosis.@*Conclusion@#The primary high risk behavior of HIV infection in young adult students are unawareness of HIV infection status for temporary sexual partner and the separation of knowing and doing. A targeted strategy should be developed to control the spread of HIV in young adult students.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To provide data support for AIDS prevention and control by investigating HIV testing among technician school students in Guangzhou.@*Methods@#A total of 1 112 students were investigated with a questionnaire about AIDS knowledge, attitude, sexual behavior and HIV testing through a stratified cluster random sampling method in October 2018. A Logistic regression analysis was conducted for influencing factors of students’ HIV testing.@*Results@#The HIV testing rate of technician school student was 10.3%. The HIV testing rate (12.1%-24.3%) of male, under 18 years of age, with monthly living expenses over 3 000 yuan and with poor family atmosphere was higher than that of the corresponding group (6.6%-8.4%), the difference were statistically significant (χ2=12.07,7.25,10.73,9.77, P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that <18 years of age, willingness to participate in relevant AIDS prevention activities, homosexuality, “support for multiple sexual partners” and having sexual behavior were associated with more HIV testing(P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The incidence of sexual behavior of students in technician school is high while the rate of HIV testing is low, especially for male and male homosexuals.The health and education departments should strengthen students’ AIDS counseling and testing services and raise students’ awareness of AIDS risk in order to improve the coverage of students’ HIV testing.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To understand the epidemiological characteristics and differences of HIV-positive cases among 15-24 years old in Jiaxing city and provide evidence for the development of targeted prevention and control measures.@*Methods@#A descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data of HIV cases aged 15-24 reported in Jiaxing from 1999 to 2018.@*Results@#A total of 375 cases of young HIV were reported in 1999-2018, with an average age of 21.29±1.90 years, of which 42 were students. The ratio of male to female was 2.47∶1. The proportion of foreign household registration was higher (76%, 285 cases). The proportion of off-campus youth cases in total cases showed a downward trend(χ2=8.26, P=0.00), but the proportion of student cases showed an upward trend(χ2=15.73, P<0.01). Off-campus youth cases were mainly heterosexual transmission(59.16%, 197 cases), and the students’ cases were mainly homosexual transmission(88.10%, 37 cases). There were significant differences in gender, age, household registration, education level, route of transmission, late detection, CD4 level and source of detection among students and off-campus adolescents(P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The prevalence of AIDS in adolescents and students is worthy of attention. The characteristics of adolescents inside and outside the school are different. Targeted prevention measures should be taken to reduce the harm of AIDS to young people.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effect of perioperative treatment on complications in human immunodeficiency virus positive patients undergoing spinal surgery, and summarize effective perioperative management to make these patients to get better treatment. Methods Forty-eight HIV positive patients (experimental group) and 79 HIV negative patients (control group) undergoing spinal surgery from November 2010 to March 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. The two groups were comparable in age, gender, type of spinal surgery and basic diseases. Nutritional support and the uses of antibiotics and blood transfusion were strengthened in patients of experimental group. Immunomodulatory drugs, the treatment with HAART and occupational protection were also used in patients of experimental group. The patients in control group only received conventional perioperative treatment. Wound healing, opportunistic infection, the failure of internal fixation and death after the operation was observed. The perioperative treatment methods were summarized. Chi square test was used in comparison of the rate and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Surgery was successfully completed in all patients in experimental group and control group. Two cases (4.2%) in experimental group and 4 cases(5.1%) in control group showed delayed healing of incisions. All incisions were healed after debridement and no incision infection happened. CD4+T lymphocyte count of 2 cases in the experimental group was in stage 3. Among them, 1 patient underwent emergency surgery and opportunistic infection appeared after the operation. The other patients for elective surgery took operation when CD4+T lymphocyte counts were adjusted to 2 and no complications appeared. The two groups had no internal fixation failure cases and deaths. Conclusions HIV positive patients with spinal diseases are special patients. HIV positive patients with spinal surgery can reduce complications, and achieve good clinical curative effect by reasonable preoperative assessment, optimization of perioperative treatment, proper type of operation and active prevention of opportunistic infections after surgery.
ABSTRACT
The clinical data of 459 patients,who were first diagnosed as HIV/HBV co-infection from January 2007 to December 2013,were retrospectively analyzed.Among all patients,there were 89 cases with CD4 ＜ 50/μl,134 cases with CD4 50-200/μl and 236 cases with CD4 ＞ 200/μl,when HIV infection was diagnosed.In these three groups with different CD4 levels,the HBV DNA positive rates were 49.3％ (37/75),50.5％ (54/107) and 33.7％ (66/196);the HBV viral load were (6.37 ± 1.71) log10 copies/ml,(5.82 ± 1.86) log10 copies/ml and (4.36 ± 1.64) log10 copies/ml;the rates of abnormal liver function were 29.2％ (26/89),29.1％ (39/134) and 10.6％ (25/236);the occurrence rates of end-stage-liver-diseases were 16.9％ (15/89),14.9％ (20/134) and 5.1％ (12/236);the mortality rates were 10.1％ (9/89),9.7％ (13/134) and 3.8％ (9/236),respectively.The HBV DNA positive rates,HBV viral load,the rates of abnormal liver function,the occurrence rates of end-stage-liver-diseases and the mortality rates in CD4 ＞ 200/μl group were lower than that in CD4 ＜ 50/μl group and 50-200/μl group.The results suggest that for HIV and HBV co-infection patients,HBV replication level and prognosis of liver diseases are associated with CD4 + T lymphocyte count.